/* m88k.c -- Assembler for the Motorola 88000 Contributed by Devon Bowen of Buffalo University and Torbjorn Granlund of the Swedish Institute of Computer Science. Copyright (C) 1989, 1990, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler. GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later version. GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */ #include #include "as.h" #include "m88k-opcode.h" char *getval (); char *get_reg (); char *get_imm16 (); char *get_bf (); char *get_pcr (); char *get_cmp (); char *get_cnd (); char *get_cr (); char *get_fcr (); char *get_vec9 (); struct field_val_assoc { char *name; unsigned val; }; struct field_val_assoc cr_regs[] = { {"PID", 0}, {"PSR", 1}, {"EPSR", 2}, {"SSBR", 3}, {"SXIP", 4}, {"SNIP", 5}, {"SFIP", 6}, {"VBR", 7}, {"DMT0", 8}, {"DMD0", 9}, {"DMA0", 10}, {"DMT1", 11}, {"DMD1", 12}, {"DMA1", 13}, {"DMT2", 14}, {"DMD2", 15}, {"DMA2", 16}, {"SR0", 17}, {"SR1", 18}, {"SR2", 19}, {"SR3", 20}, {NULL, 0}, }; struct field_val_assoc fcr_regs[] = { {"FPECR", 0}, {"FPHS1", 1}, {"FPLS1", 2}, {"FPHS2", 3}, {"FPLS2", 4}, {"FPPT", 5}, {"FPRH", 6}, {"FPRL", 7}, {"FPIT", 8}, {"FPSR", 62}, {"FPCR", 63}, {NULL, 0}, }; struct field_val_assoc cmpslot[] = { /* Integer Floating point */ {"nc", 0}, {"cp", 1}, {"eq", 2}, {"ne", 3}, {"gt", 4}, {"le", 5}, {"lt", 6}, {"ge", 7}, {"hi", 8}, {"ou", 8}, {"ls", 9}, {"ib", 9}, {"lo", 10}, {"in", 10}, {"hs", 11}, {"ob", 11}, {"be", 12}, {"ue", 12}, {"nb", 13}, {"lg", 13}, {"he", 14}, {"ug", 14}, {"nh", 15}, {"ule", 15}, {"ul", 16}, {"uge", 17}, {NULL, 0}, }; struct field_val_assoc cndmsk[] = { {"gt0", 1}, {"eq0", 2}, {"ge0", 3}, {"lt0", 12}, {"ne0", 13}, {"le0", 14}, {NULL, 0}, }; struct m88k_insn { unsigned long opcode; expressionS exp; enum reloc_type reloc; }; extern char *myname; static struct hash_control *op_hash = NULL; /* These bits should be turned off in the first address of every segment */ int md_seg_align = 7; /* This is the number to put at the beginning of the a.out file */ long omagic = OMAGIC; /* These chars start a comment anywhere in a source file (except inside another comment */ const char comment_chars[] = ";"; /* These chars only start a comment at the beginning of a line. */ const char line_comment_chars[] = "#"; const char line_separator_chars[] = ""; /* Chars that can be used to separate mant from exp in floating point nums */ const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE"; /* Chars that mean this number is a floating point constant */ /* as in 0f123.456 */ /* or 0H1.234E-12 (see exp chars above) */ const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dDfF"; extern void float_cons (), cons (), s_globl (), s_line (), s_space (), s_set (), s_lcomm (); static void s_file (); static void s_bss (); const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] = { {"def", s_set, 0}, {"dfloat", float_cons, 'd'}, {"ffloat", float_cons, 'f'}, {"global", s_globl, 0}, {"half", cons, 2}, {"bss", s_bss, 0}, {"ln", s_line, 0}, {"string", stringer, 0}, {"word", cons, 4}, {"zero", s_space, 0}, {0} }; void md_begin () { char *retval = NULL; unsigned int i = 0; /* initialize hash table */ op_hash = hash_new (); if (op_hash == NULL) as_fatal ("Could not initialize hash table"); /* loop until you see the end of the list */ while (*m88k_opcodes[i].name) { char *name = m88k_opcodes[i].name; /* hash each mnemonic and record its position */ retval = hash_insert (op_hash, name, &m88k_opcodes[i]); if (retval != NULL && *retval != '\0') as_fatal ("Can't hash instruction '%s':%s", m88k_opcodes[i].name, retval); /* skip to next unique mnemonic or end of list */ for (i++; !strcmp (m88k_opcodes[i].name, name); i++) ; } } void md_parse_option (argP, cntP, vecP) char **argP; int *cntP; char ***vecP; { as_warn ("unknown option: -%s", *argP); } void md_assemble (op) char *op; { char *param, *thisfrag; struct m88k_opcode *format; struct m88k_insn insn; assert (op); /* skip over instruction to find parameters */ for (param = op; *param != 0 && !isspace (*param); param++) ; if (*param != 0) *param++ = 0; /* try to find the instruction in the hash table */ if ((format = (struct m88k_opcode *) hash_find (op_hash, op)) == NULL) { as_fatal ("Invalid mnemonic '%s'", op); return; } /* try parsing this instruction into insn */ insn.exp.X_add_symbol = 0; insn.exp.X_subtract_symbol = 0; insn.exp.X_add_number = 0; insn.exp.X_seg = 0; insn.reloc = NO_RELOC; while (!calcop (format, param, &insn)) { /* if it doesn't parse try the next instruction */ if (!strcmp (format[0].name, format[1].name)) format++; else { as_fatal ("Parameter syntax error"); return; } } /* grow the current frag and plop in the opcode */ thisfrag = frag_more (4); md_number_to_chars (thisfrag, insn.opcode, 4); /* if this instruction requires labels mark it for later */ switch (insn.reloc) { case NO_RELOC: break; case RELOC_LO16: case RELOC_HI16: fix_new (frag_now, thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal + 2, 2, insn.exp.X_add_symbol, insn.exp.X_subtract_symbol, insn.exp.X_add_number, 0, insn.reloc); break; case RELOC_IW16: fix_new (frag_now, thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal, 4, insn.exp.X_add_symbol, insn.exp.X_subtract_symbol, insn.exp.X_add_number, 0, insn.reloc); break; case RELOC_PC16: fix_new (frag_now, thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal + 2, 2, insn.exp.X_add_symbol, insn.exp.X_subtract_symbol, insn.exp.X_add_number, 1, insn.reloc); break; case RELOC_PC26: fix_new (frag_now, thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal, 4, insn.exp.X_add_symbol, insn.exp.X_subtract_symbol, insn.exp.X_add_number, 1, insn.reloc); break; default: as_fatal ("Unknown relocation type"); break; } } int calcop (format, param, insn) struct m88k_opcode *format; char *param; struct m88k_insn *insn; { char *fmt = format->op_spec; int f; unsigned val; unsigned opcode; int reg_prefix = 'r'; insn->opcode = format->opcode; opcode = 0; for (;;) { if (param == 0) return 0; f = *fmt++; switch (f) { case 0: insn->opcode |= opcode; return *param == 0; default: if (f != *param++) return 0; break; case 'd': param = get_reg (param, &val, reg_prefix); reg_prefix = 'r'; opcode |= val << 21; break; case 'x': reg_prefix = 'x'; break; case '1': param = get_reg (param, &val, reg_prefix); reg_prefix = 'r'; opcode |= val << 16; break; case '2': param = get_reg (param, &val, reg_prefix); reg_prefix = 'r'; opcode |= val; break; case '3': param = get_reg (param, &val, 'r'); opcode |= (val << 16) | val; break; case 'I': param = get_imm16 (param, insn); break; case 'b': param = get_bf (param, &val); opcode |= val; break; case 'p': param = get_pcr (param, insn, RELOC_PC16); break; case 'P': param = get_pcr (param, insn, RELOC_PC26); break; case 'B': param = get_cmp (param, &val); opcode |= val; break; case 'M': param = get_cnd (param, &val); opcode |= val; break; case 'c': param = get_cr (param, &val); opcode |= val << 5; break; case 'f': param = get_fcr (param, &val); opcode |= val << 5; break; case 'V': param = get_vec9 (param, &val); opcode |= val; break; case '?': /* Having this here repeats the warning somtimes. But can't we stand that? */ as_warn ("Use of obsolete instruction"); break; } } } char * match_name (param, assoc_tab, valp) char *param; struct field_val_assoc *assoc_tab; unsigned *valp; { int i; char *name; int name_len; for (i = 0;; i++) { name = assoc_tab[i].name; if (name == NULL) return NULL; name_len = strlen (name); if (!strncmp (param, name, name_len)) { *valp = assoc_tab[i].val; return param + name_len; } } } char * get_reg (param, regnop, reg_prefix) char *param; unsigned *regnop; int reg_prefix; { unsigned c; unsigned regno; c = *param++; if (c == reg_prefix) { regno = *param++ - '0'; if (regno < 10) { if (regno == 0) { *regnop = 0; return param; } c = *param - '0'; if (c < 10) { regno = regno * 10 + c; if (c < 32) { *regnop = regno; return param + 1; } } else { *regnop = regno; return param; } } return NULL; } else if (c == 's' && param[0] == 'p') { *regnop = 31; return param + 1; } return 0; } char * get_imm16 (param, insn) char *param; struct m88k_insn *insn; { enum reloc_type reloc = NO_RELOC; unsigned int val; segT seg; char *save_ptr; if (!strncmp (param, "hi16", 4) && !isalnum (param[4])) { reloc = RELOC_HI16; param += 4; } else if (!strncmp (param, "lo16", 4) && !isalnum (param[4])) { reloc = RELOC_LO16; param += 4; } else if (!strncmp (param, "iw16", 4) && !isalnum (param[4])) { reloc = RELOC_IW16; param += 4; } save_ptr = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = param; seg = expression (&insn->exp); param = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = save_ptr; val = insn->exp.X_add_number; if (seg == SEG_ABSOLUTE) { /* Insert the value now, and reset reloc to NO_RELOC. */ if (reloc == NO_RELOC) { /* Warn about too big expressions if not surrounded by xx16. */ if (val > 0xffff) as_warn ("Expression truncated to 16 bits"); } if (reloc == RELOC_HI16) val >>= 16; insn->opcode |= val & 0xffff; reloc = NO_RELOC; } else if (reloc == NO_RELOC) /* We accept a symbol even without lo16, hi16, etc, and assume lo16 was intended. */ reloc = RELOC_LO16; insn->reloc = reloc; return param; } char * get_pcr (param, insn, reloc) char *param; struct m88k_insn *insn; enum reloc_type reloc; { char *saveptr, *saveparam; segT seg; saveptr = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = param; seg = expression (&insn->exp); saveparam = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = saveptr; /* Botch: We should relocate now if SEG_ABSOLUTE. */ insn->reloc = reloc; return saveparam; } char * get_cmp (param, valp) char *param; unsigned *valp; { unsigned int val; char *save_ptr; save_ptr = param; param = match_name (param, cmpslot, valp); val = *valp; if (param == NULL) { param = save_ptr; save_ptr = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = param; val = get_absolute_expression (); param = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = save_ptr; if (val >= 32) { as_warn ("Expression truncated to 5 bits"); val %= 32; } } *valp = val << 21; return param; } char * get_cnd (param, valp) char *param; unsigned *valp; { unsigned int val; if (isdigit (*param)) { param = getval (param, &val); if (val >= 32) { as_warn ("Expression truncated to 5 bits"); val %= 32; } } else { if (isupper (*param)) *param = tolower (*param); if (isupper (param[1])) param[1] = tolower (param[1]); param = match_name (param, cndmsk, valp); if (param == NULL) return NULL; val = *valp; } *valp = val << 21; return param; } char * get_bf2 (param, bc) char *param; int bc; { int depth = 0; int c; for (;;) { c = *param; if (c == 0) return param; else if (c == '(') depth++; else if (c == ')') depth--; else if (c == bc && depth <= 0) return param; param++; } } char * get_bf_offset_expression (param, offsetp) char *param; unsigned *offsetp; { unsigned offset; if (isalpha (param[0])) { if (isupper (param[0])) param[0] = tolower (param[0]); if (isupper (param[1])) param[1] = tolower (param[1]); param = match_name (param, cmpslot, offsetp); return param; } else { input_line_pointer = param; offset = get_absolute_expression (); param = input_line_pointer; } *offsetp = offset; return param; } char * get_bf (param, valp) char *param; unsigned *valp; { unsigned offset = 0; unsigned width = 0; char *xp; char *save_ptr; xp = get_bf2 (param, '<'); save_ptr = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = param; if (*xp == 0) { /* We did not find '<'. We have an offset (width implicitly 32). */ param = get_bf_offset_expression (param, &offset); input_line_pointer = save_ptr; if (param == NULL) return NULL; } else { *xp++ = 0; /* Overwrite the '<' */ param = get_bf2 (xp, '>'); if (*param == 0) return NULL; *param++ = 0; /* Overwrite the '>' */ width = get_absolute_expression (); xp = get_bf_offset_expression (xp, &offset); input_line_pointer = save_ptr; if (xp + 1 != param) return NULL; } *valp = ((width % 32) << 5) | (offset % 32); return param; } char * get_cr (param, regnop) char *param; unsigned *regnop; { unsigned regno; unsigned c; int i; int name_len; if (!strncmp (param, "cr", 2)) { param += 2; regno = *param++ - '0'; if (regno < 10) { if (regno == 0) { *regnop = 0; return param; } c = *param - '0'; if (c < 10) { regno = regno * 10 + c; if (c < 64) { *regnop = regno; return param + 1; } } else { *regnop = regno; return param; } } return NULL; } param = match_name (param, cr_regs, regnop); return param; } char * get_fcr (param, regnop) char *param; unsigned *regnop; { unsigned regno; unsigned c; int i; int name_len; if (!strncmp (param, "fcr", 3)) { param += 3; regno = *param++ - '0'; if (regno < 10) { if (regno == 0) { *regnop = 0; return param; } c = *param - '0'; if (c < 10) { regno = regno * 10 + c; if (c < 64) { *regnop = regno; return param + 1; } } else { *regnop = regno; return param; } } return NULL; } param = match_name (param, fcr_regs, regnop); return param; } char * get_vec9 (param, valp) char *param; unsigned *valp; { unsigned val; char *save_ptr; save_ptr = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = param; val = get_absolute_expression (); param = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = save_ptr; if (val >= 1 << 9) as_warn ("Expression truncated to 9 bits"); *valp = val % (1 << 9); return param; } #define hexval(z) \ (isdigit (z) ? (z) - '0' : \ islower (z) ? (z) - 'a' + 10 : \ isupper (z) ? (z) - 'A' + 10 : -1) char * getval (param, valp) char *param; unsigned int *valp; { unsigned int val = 0; unsigned int c; c = *param++; if (c == '0') { c = *param++; if (c == 'x' || c == 'X') { c = *param++; c = hexval (c); while (c < 16) { val = val * 16 + c; c = *param++; c = hexval (c); } } else { c -= '0'; while (c < 8) { val = val * 8 + c; c = *param++ - '0'; } } } else { c -= '0'; while (c < 10) { val = val * 10 + c; c = *param++ - '0'; } } *valp = val; return param - 1; } void md_number_to_chars (buf, val, nbytes) char *buf; int val; int nbytes; { switch (nbytes) { case 4: *buf++ = val >> 24; *buf++ = val >> 16; case 2: *buf++ = val >> 8; case 1: *buf = val; break; default: abort (); } } void md_number_to_imm (buf, val, nbytes, fixP, seg_type) unsigned char *buf; unsigned int val; int nbytes; fixS *fixP; int seg_type; { if (seg_type != N_TEXT || fixP->fx_r_type == NO_RELOC) { switch (nbytes) { case 4: *buf++ = val >> 24; *buf++ = val >> 16; case 2: *buf++ = val >> 8; case 1: *buf = val; break; default: abort (); } return; } switch (fixP->fx_r_type) { case RELOC_IW16: buf[2] = val >> 8; buf[3] = val; break; case RELOC_LO16: buf[0] = val >> 8; buf[1] = val; break; case RELOC_HI16: buf[0] = val >> 24; buf[1] = val >> 16; break; case RELOC_PC16: val += 4; buf[0] = val >> 10; buf[1] = val >> 2; break; case RELOC_PC26: val += 4; buf[0] |= (val >> 26) & 0x03; buf[1] = val >> 18; buf[2] = val >> 10; buf[3] = val >> 2; break; case RELOC_32: buf[0] = val >> 24; buf[1] = val >> 16; buf[2] = val >> 8; buf[3] = val; break; default: as_fatal ("Bad relocation type"); break; } } void md_number_to_disp (buf, val, nbytes) char *buf; int val; int nbytes; { as_fatal ("md_number_to_disp not defined"); md_number_to_chars (buf, val, nbytes); } void md_number_to_field (buf, val, nbytes) char *buf; int val; int nbytes; { as_fatal ("md_number_to_field not defined"); md_number_to_chars (buf, val, nbytes); } #define MAX_LITTLENUMS 6 /* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant of type type, and store the appropriate bytes in *litP. The number of LITTLENUMS emitted is stored in *sizeP . An error message is returned, or NULL on OK. */ char * md_atof (type, litP, sizeP) char type; char *litP; int *sizeP; { int prec; LITTLENUM_TYPE words[MAX_LITTLENUMS]; LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP; char *t; char *atof_ieee (); switch (type) { case 'f': case 'F': case 's': case 'S': prec = 2; break; case 'd': case 'D': case 'r': case 'R': prec = 4; break; case 'x': case 'X': prec = 6; break; case 'p': case 'P': prec = 6; break; default: *sizeP = 0; return "Bad call to MD_ATOF()"; } t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words); if (t) input_line_pointer = t; *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE); for (wordP = words; prec--;) { md_number_to_chars (litP, (long) (*wordP++), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE)); litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE); } return ""; /* Someone should teach Dean about null pointers */ } int md_short_jump_size = 4; void md_create_short_jump (ptr, from_addr, to_addr, frag, to_symbol) char *ptr; long from_addr, to_addr; fragS *frag; symbolS *to_symbol; { ptr[0] = 0xc0; ptr[1] = 0x00; ptr[2] = 0x00; ptr[3] = 0x00; fix_new (frag, ptr - frag->fr_literal, 4, to_symbol, (symbolS *) 0, (long int) 0, 0, RELOC_PC26); /* Botch: Shouldn't this be RELOC_PC16? */ } int md_long_jump_size = 4; void md_create_long_jump (ptr, from_addr, to_addr, frag, to_symbol) char *ptr; long from_addr, to_addr; fragS *frag; symbolS *to_symbol; { ptr[0] = 0xc0; ptr[1] = 0x00; ptr[2] = 0x00; ptr[3] = 0x00; fix_new (frag, ptr - frag->fr_literal, 4, to_symbol, (symbolS *) 0, (long int) 0, 0, RELOC_PC26); } int md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragP, segment_type) fragS *fragP; int segment_type; { as_fatal ("Relaxation should never occur"); } const relax_typeS md_relax_table[] = {0}; void md_convert_frag (fragP) fragS *fragP; { as_fatal ("Relaxation should never occur"); } void md_end () { } /* * Risc relocations are completely different, so it needs * this machine dependent routine to emit them. */ void emit_relocations (fixP, segment_address_in_file) fixS *fixP; relax_addressT segment_address_in_file; { struct reloc_info_m88k ri; symbolS *symbolP; extern char *next_object_file_charP; bzero ((char *) &ri, sizeof (ri)); for (; fixP; fixP = fixP->fx_next) { if (fixP->fx_r_type >= NO_RELOC) { fprintf (stderr, "fixP->fx_r_type = %d\n", fixP->fx_r_type); abort (); } if ((symbolP = fixP->fx_addsy) != NULL) { ri.r_address = fixP->fx_frag->fr_address + fixP->fx_where - segment_address_in_file; if ((symbolP->sy_type & N_TYPE) == N_UNDF) { ri.r_extern = 1; ri.r_symbolnum = symbolP->sy_number; } else { ri.r_extern = 0; ri.r_symbolnum = symbolP->sy_type & N_TYPE; } if (symbolP && symbolP->sy_frag) { ri.r_addend = symbolP->sy_frag->fr_address; } ri.r_type = fixP->fx_r_type; if (fixP->fx_pcrel) { ri.r_addend -= ri.r_address; } else { ri.r_addend = fixP->fx_addnumber; } append (&next_object_file_charP, (char *) &ri, sizeof (ri)); } } return; } static void s_bss () { char *name; char c; char *p; int temp, bss_align; symbolS *symbolP; extern const char is_end_of_line[256]; name = input_line_pointer; c = get_symbol_end (); p = input_line_pointer; *p = c; SKIP_WHITESPACE (); if (*input_line_pointer != ',') { as_warn ("Expected comma after name"); ignore_rest_of_line (); return; } input_line_pointer++; if ((temp = get_absolute_expression ()) < 0) { as_warn ("BSS length (%d.) <0! Ignored.", temp); ignore_rest_of_line (); return; } *p = 0; symbolP = symbol_find_or_make (name); *p = c; if (*input_line_pointer == ',') { input_line_pointer++; bss_align = get_absolute_expression (); } else bss_align = 0; if (!S_IS_DEFINED(symbolP) || S_GET_SEGMENT(symbolP) == SEG_BSS) { if (! need_pass_2) { char *p; segT current_seg = now_seg; subsegT current_subseg = now_subseg; subseg_new (SEG_BSS, 1); /* switch to bss */ if (bss_align) frag_align (bss_align, 0); /* detach from old frag */ if (symbolP->sy_type == N_BSS && symbolP->sy_frag != NULL) symbolP->sy_frag->fr_symbol = NULL; symbolP->sy_frag = frag_now; p = frag_var (rs_org, 1, 1, (relax_substateT)0, symbolP, temp, (char *)0); *p = 0; S_SET_SEGMENT (symbolP, SEG_BSS); subseg_new (current_seg, current_subseg); } } else { as_warn ("Ignoring attempt to re-define symbol %s.", name); } while (!is_end_of_line[*input_line_pointer]) { input_line_pointer++; } return; }