binutils.texi: fixed dir-entry, copyright date, last chapter a bit
This commit is contained in:
Jeffrey Osier
parent
a243926667
commit
8981cac563
1 changed files with 71 additions and 93 deletions
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@ -4,14 +4,14 @@
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@ifinfo
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@format
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START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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* Binutils:: The GNU binary utilities "ar", "ld", "objcopy",
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* Binutils: (binutils). The GNU binary utilities "ar", "ld", "objcopy",
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"objdump", "nm", "size", "strings", "strip", and "ranlib".
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END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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@end format
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@end ifinfo
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@ifinfo
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Copyright @copyright{} 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Copyright @copyright{} 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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@ -47,8 +47,6 @@ into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
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@setchapternewpage odd
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@settitle GNU Binary Utilities
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@c @smallbook
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@c @cropmarks
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@titlepage
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@finalout
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@title The GNU Binary Utilities
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@ -66,7 +64,7 @@ into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
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@end tex
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@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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Copyright @copyright{} 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Copyright @copyright{} 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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@ -82,8 +80,7 @@ into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
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@end titlepage
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@node Top
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@top
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@chapter Introduction
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@top Introduction
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@cindex version
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This brief manual contains preliminary documentation for the GNU binary
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@ -737,25 +734,25 @@ objcopy [ -F @var{bfdname} | --target=@var{bfdname} ]
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@var{infile} [@var{outfile}]
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@end smallexample
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The GNU @code{objcopy} utility copies the contents of an object file to
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another. @code{objcopy} uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the
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object files. It can write the destination object file in a format
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different from that of the source object file. The exact behavior of
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@code{objcopy} is controlled by command-line options.
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The @sc{gnu} @code{objcopy} utility copies the contents of an object
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file to another. @code{objcopy} uses the @sc{gnu} @sc{bfd} Library to
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read and write the object files. It can write the destination object
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file in a format different from that of the source object file. The
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exact behavior of @code{objcopy} is controlled by command-line options.
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@code{objcopy} creates temporary files to do its translations and
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deletes them afterward. @code{objcopy} uses BFD to do all its
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translation work; it knows about all the formats BFD knows about, and
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thus is able to recognize most formats without being told explicitly.
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@xref{BFD,,BFD,ld.info,Using LD}.
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deletes them afterward. @code{objcopy} uses @sc{bfd} to do all its
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translation work; it has access to all the formats described in @sc{bfd}
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and thus is able to recognize most formats without being told
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explicitly. @xref{BFD,,BFD,ld.info,Using LD}.
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@table @code
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@item @var{infile}
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@itemx @var{outfile}
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The source and output files respectively.
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The source and output files, respectively.
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If you do not specify @var{outfile}, @code{objcopy} creates a
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temporary file and destructively renames the result with
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the name of the input file.
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the name of @var{infile}.
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@item -I @var{bfdname}
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@itemx --input-target=@var{bfdname}
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@ -797,14 +794,15 @@ Keep only every @var{byte}th byte of the input file (header data is not
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affected). @var{byte} can be in the range from 0 to @var{interleave}-1,
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where @var{interleave} is given by the @samp{-i} or @samp{--interleave}
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option, or the default of 4. This option is useful for creating files
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to program ROMs. It is typically used with an @code{srec} output
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to program @sc{rom}. It is typically used with an @code{srec} output
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target.
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@item -i @var{interleave}
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@itemx --interleave=@var{interleave}
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Only copy one out of every @var{interleave} bytes. Which one to copy is
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selected by the @var{-b} or @samp{--byte} option. The default is 4.
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The interleave is ignored if neither @samp{-b} nor @samp{--byte} is given.
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Only copy one out of every @var{interleave} bytes. Select which byte to
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copy with the @var{-b} or @samp{--byte} option. The default is 4.
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@code{objcopy} ignores this option if you do not specify either @samp{-b} or
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@samp{--byte}.
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@item -V
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@itemx --version
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@ -1329,12 +1327,16 @@ c++filt @var{option} @var{symbol}
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@chapter nlmconv
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@code{nlmconv} converts a relocatable object file into a NetWare
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Loadable Module. @code{nlmconv} currently works with @samp{i386} object
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Loadable Module.
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@ignore
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@code{nlmconv} currently works with @samp{i386} object
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files in @code{coff}, @sc{elf}, or @code{a.out} format, and @sc{SPARC}
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object files in @sc{elf}, or @code{a.out} format@footnote{
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@code{nlmconv} should work with any @samp{i386} or @sc{sparc} object
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format in the Binary File Descriptor library. It has only been tested
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with the above formats.}.
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@end ignore
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@quotation
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@emph{Warning:} @code{nlmconv} is not always built as part of the binary
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@ -1394,31 +1396,30 @@ Prints the version number for @code{nlmconv}.
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@node Selecting The Target System
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@chapter Selecting the target system
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You can specify three aspects of the target system to the GNU binary
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file utilities, each in several ways. The three aspects of the target
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system that you can specify are
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You can specify three aspects of the target system to the @sc{gnu}
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binary file utilities, each in several ways:
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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the target,
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the target
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@item
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the architecture, and
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the architecture
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@item
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the linker emulation (which applies to the linker only).
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the linker emulation (which applies to the linker only)
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@end itemize
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In the following summaries, the lists of ways to specify values are in
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order of decreasing precedence. In other words, the ways listed earlier
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override the ways listed later.
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order of decreasing precedence. The ways listed first override those
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listed later.
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The commands to list valid values only list the values that the programs
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you are running were configured for. If they were configured with
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The commands to list valid values only list the values for which the
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programs you are running were configured. If they were configured with
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@samp{--with-targets=all}, the commands list most of the available
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values, but a few are left out; not all targets can be configured in at
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once because some of them can only be compiled ``native'' (on hosts with
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the same type as the target system).
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once because some of them can only be configured @dfn{native} (on hosts
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with the same type as the target system).
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@menu
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* Target Selection::
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@ -1427,34 +1428,26 @@ the same type as the target system).
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@end menu
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@node Target Selection
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@section Target selection
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@section Target Selection
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A @dfn{target} is an object file format. A given target may be
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supported for multiple architectures (@pxref{Architecture Selection}).
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It may also have variations for different operating systems or architectures.
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A target selection may also have variations for different operating
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systems or architectures.
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Command to list valid values: @samp{objdump -i} (first column).
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The command to list valid target values is @samp{objdump -i}
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(the first column of output contains the relevant information).
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Some sample values are: @samp{a.out-hp300bsd}, @samp{ecoff-littlemips},
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@samp{a.out-sunos-big}.
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@menu
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* objdump Target::
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* objcopy strip Input Target::
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* objcopy strip Output Target::
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* nm size strings Target::
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* Linker Input Target::
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* Linker Output Target::
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@end menu
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@node objdump Target
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@subsection @code{objdump} target
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@subheading @code{objdump} Target
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Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{-b}, @samp{--target}
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command line option: @samp{-b} or @samp{--target}
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@item
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environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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@ -1463,14 +1456,13 @@ environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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deduced from the input file
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@end enumerate
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@node objcopy strip Input Target
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@subsection @code{objcopy} and @code{strip} input target
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@subheading @code{objcopy} and @code{strip} Input Target
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Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{-I}, @samp{--input-target}, @samp{-F}, @samp{--target}
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command line options: @samp{-I} or @samp{--input-target}, or @samp{-F} or @samp{--target}
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@item
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environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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@ -1479,17 +1471,16 @@ environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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deduced from the input file
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@end enumerate
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@node objcopy strip Output Target
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@subsection @code{objcopy} and @code{strip} output target
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@subheading @code{objcopy} and @code{strip} Output Target
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Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{-O}, @samp{-F}, @samp{--output-target}, @samp{--target}
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command line options: @samp{-O} or @samp{--output-target}, or @samp{-F} or @samp{--target}
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@item
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the input target (@pxref{objcopy strip Input Target})
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the input target (see ``@code{objcopy} and @code{strip} Input Target'' above)
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@item
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environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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@ -1498,14 +1489,13 @@ environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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deduced from the input file
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@end enumerate
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@node nm size strings Target
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@subsection @code{nm}, @code{size}, and @code{strings} target
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@subheading @code{nm}, @code{size}, and @code{strings} Target
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Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{--target}
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command line option: @samp{--target}
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@item
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environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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@ -1514,14 +1504,13 @@ environment variable @code{GNUTARGET}
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deduced from the input file
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@end enumerate
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@node Linker Input Target
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@subsection Linker input target
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@subheading Linker Input Target
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Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{-b}, @samp{-format}
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command line option: @samp{-b} or @samp{--format}
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(@pxref{Options,,Options,ld.info,Using LD})
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@item
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@ -1537,14 +1526,13 @@ the default target of the selected linker emulation
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(@pxref{Linker Emulation Selection})
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@end enumerate
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@node Linker Output Target
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@subsection Linker output target
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@subheading Linker Output Target
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Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{-oformat}
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command line option: @samp{-oformat}
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(@pxref{Options,,Options,ld.info,Using LD})
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@item
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@ -1552,42 +1540,34 @@ script command @code{OUTPUT_FORMAT}
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(@pxref{Option Commands,,Option Commands,ld.info,Using LD})
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@item
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the linker input target (@pxref{Linker Input Target})
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the linker input target (see ``Linker Input Target'' above)
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@end enumerate
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@node Architecture Selection
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@section Architecture selection
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An @dfn{architecture} is a type of CPU on which an object file is to
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run. Its name may contain a colon, separating the name of the
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processor family from the name of the particular CPU.
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An @dfn{architecture} is a type of @sc{cpu} on which an object file is
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to run. Its name may contain a colon, separating the name of the
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processor family from the name of the particular @sc{cpu}.
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Command to list valid values: @samp{objdump -i} (second column).
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The command to list valid architecture values is @samp{objdump -i} (the
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second column contains the relevant information).
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Sample values: @samp{m68k:68020}, @samp{mips:3000}, @samp{sparc}.
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@menu
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* objdump Architecture::
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* objcopy nm size strings Architecture::
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* Linker Input Architecture::
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* Linker Output Architecture::
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@end menu
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@node objdump Architecture
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@subsection @code{objdump} architecture
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@subheading @code{objdump} Architecture
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Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{-m}, @samp{--architecture}
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command line option: @samp{-m} or @samp{--architecture}
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@item
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deduced from the input file
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@end enumerate
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@node objcopy nm size strings Architecture
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@subsection @code{objcopy}, @code{nm}, @code{size}, @code{strings} architecture
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@subheading @code{objcopy}, @code{nm}, @code{size}, @code{strings} Architecture
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Ways to specify:
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@ -1596,8 +1576,7 @@ Ways to specify:
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deduced from the input file
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@end enumerate
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@node Linker Input Architecture
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@subsection Linker input architecture
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@subheading Linker Input Architecture
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Ways to specify:
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@ -1606,8 +1585,7 @@ Ways to specify:
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deduced from the input file
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@end enumerate
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@node Linker Output Architecture
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@subsection Linker output architecture
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@subheading Linker Output Architecture
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Ways to specify:
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@ -1618,7 +1596,7 @@ script command @code{OUTPUT_ARCH}
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@item
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the default architecture from the linker output target
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(@pxref{Linker Output Target})
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(@pxref{Target Selection})
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@end enumerate
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@node Linker Emulation Selection
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@ -1630,17 +1608,17 @@ In particular, it consists of
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@itemize @bullet
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@item
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the linker script,
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the linker script
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@item
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the target, and
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the target
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@item
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several ``hook'' functions that are run at certain stages of the linking
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process to do special things that some targets require.
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process to do special things that some targets require
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@end itemize
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Command to list valid values: @samp{ld -V}.
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The command to list valid linker emulation values is @samp{ld -V}.
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Sample values: @samp{hp300bsd}, @samp{mipslit}, @samp{sun4}.
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@ -1648,7 +1626,7 @@ Ways to specify:
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@enumerate
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@item
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command line option @samp{-m}
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command line option: @samp{-m}
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(@pxref{Options,,Options,ld.info,Using LD})
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@item
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